Models range from simple spreadsheets that predict a single process such as the runoff from a single storm, to complex simulations that predict multiple, inter-related processes including performance of multiple BMPs. 4 Table summarizing information for different modelsĭefining Model Objectives and Selecting a Stormwater ModelĮnvironmental modeling, including stormwater and water quality modeling, is complex given the purpose is to mathematically predict natural processes (USEPA, 2009).3 Table summarizing models by model type.2.24 USEPA National Stormwater Calculator.2.11 SWMM-Based programs (SWMM5, PC-SWMM, InfoSWMM, MikeUrban).1 Defining Model Objectives and Selecting a Stormwater Model.BMP Calculators: spreadsheets that predict BMP performance, only.Water Quality: pollutant loading to surface waters or pollutant removal in a BMP.Combined Hydrologic & Hydraulic: rainfall-runoff results become input into hydraulic calculations.Models that include Green Infrastructure typically also assess how the BMPs managage the water through inflow, infiltration, evapotranspiration, storage and discharge. Hydraulic: water surface profiles, flow rates, and flow velocities through waterways, structures and pipes.Hydrologic: includes rainfall-runoff simulation plus reservoir/channel routing.More complex modeling should utilize hydrologic modeling which incorporate rainfall-runoff functions. Rainfall-Runoff Calculation Tool: peak flow, runoff volume, and hydrograph functions, only.The following definitions apply to the model functions. For water quality models, the tables indicate whether the model is a receiving waters model, a loading model, or a BMP analysis model. The tables show the relative levels of complexity of necessary input data, indicate whether the model can complete a continuous analysis or is event based, list whether the model is in the public domain, and for hydraulic models indicate whether unsteady flow calculations can be conducted.
The tables shown at the bottom of this page summarize some of the commonly used modeling software and modeling functions and the main purpose for which they were developed (NOTE: the information in these tables can be downloaded as an Excel file). Hydrologic, hydraulic, and water quality models all have different purposes and will provide different information. Inclusion of these models does not represent an endorsement by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) Information: several proprietary software models are included in this discussion.
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